It has been widely used for decades to prevent tooth decay and is commonly added to public water supplies in many countries. However, the addition of fluoride to drinking water has also generated controversy over the years, with some people raising concerns about its potential health risks.
The pros:
- Prevents Tooth Decay: one of the biggest benefits of fluoride in water is its ability to prevent tooth decay. Fluoride helps to strengthen the enamel on teeth and can even reverse early signs of decay. Studies have shown that communities with fluoridated water experience significantly fewer cavities.
- Safe and Effective: The scientific community widely supports the use of fluoride in water as a safe and effective way to prevent tooth decay. The Centers for Disease’s Control and Prevention (CDC), American Dental Association (ADA), and World Health Organization (WHO) all recommend the use of fluoride to improve dental health.
- Cost-Effective: Adding fluoride to water is one of the most cost-effective ways to promote oral health on a large scale. Most dental treatments are expensive, and cane be out of reach for low-income families. By adding fluoride to water, everyone in the community benefits regardless of their economic status.
The cons:
- Dental fluorosis: Dental fluorosis is a condition that occurs when children consume too much fluoride during their developing years. It results in white streaks or spots on the teeth which can be unsightly. In severe cases. It can lead to pitting and fracturing of the enamel.
- Other Health Concerns: Some studies have suggested that there may be other health concerns associated with fluoride consumption. These include increased risk of bone fractures, thyroid problems, and even IQ reduction in children. However, the evidence is not conclusive, and more research is needed.
- Ethical Concerns: Adding fluoride to water without people’s consent is a violation of their right to choose what they consume. Additionally, some people may be more sensitive to fluoride than others, such as individuals with kidney disease, and cannot tolerate the recommended levels.
In conclusion, fluoride in water is a contentious issue that has both pros and cons. On one hand, it plays a crucial role in preventing tooth decay, especially in children. On the other hand, excessive consumption can lead to health problems. Ultimately, it is up to everyone to decide whether they want to consume fluoridated water or not.
Finally, the techniques for fluoride extraction are numerous. Among them, we find reverse osmosis, ion exchange, activated alumina adsorption, electrodialysis or coagulation/precipitation.